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The distinction between competing F1 race automotive instances is usually measured in fractions of a second. To maintain the competitors as honest as doable, the F1 governing group, the Federation Internationale de l’Vehicle (FIA), publishes complete laws every System 1 racing season.
There isn’t any wiggle room within the FIA laws for race automotive elements and buildings. F1 drivers’ abilities and tire administration are the 2 most important subjective components in F1 racing. It’s absurd to attempt to micro-regulate people, particularly race automotive drivers. Due to this fact, the laws for F1 racing tires matter tremendously.
The FIA laws for F1 tires purpose to maintain the game aggressive, honest, and protected. The FIA laws for F1 tires embrace technical specs for wheel rims and tires. F1 sporting laws cowl how groups handle the various units of tires a single race car makes use of throughout a race.
F1 racing tire technical laws
The FIA would most likely wish to measure all the pieces concerned with F1 racing, however that’s unrealistic. The F1 technical laws embrace goal, measurable components relating to F1 wheel rims and tires.
F1 automotive wheel rim materials and dimensions
Wheel rims could have floor coatings, however the core construction of the edges should be constructed from considered one of two allowable magnesium alloys. The laws additionally specify the rim’s tire mounting width and outer lip diameter. The rear wheels are bigger than the entrance wheels.
Wheel rim provide
The FIA’s laws specify that one provider offers the wheel rims for all groups. BBS is the rim provider for the 2023 F1 season.
F1 tire dimensions
F1 entrance tires should measure 345 mm to 375 mm large. Rear tires should be between 440 mm and 470 mm large. Dry climate tires, entrance and rear, can’t be higher than 725 mm in diameter. Moist climate tires can’t exceed 735 mm in diameter.
Tire provide
F1 racing groups all use the identical Pirelli tires. Pirelli has been the F1 tire provider since 2011, and based mostly on a lately signed four-year contract, Pirelli will supply F1 tires by the 2027 season. Groups could not modify tires in any approach.
F1 motorsport tire specification
The F1 racing season sometimes begins in March and ends in November. Earlier than every F1 season, the appointed tire provider and the FIA agree on the varieties of tires by September 1 and by December 1, they agree on the compounds that will likely be employed.
Tire inflation and modification
F1 groups can solely inflate tires with air or nitrogen. Groups can not alter tires to cut back moisture within the tires. Groups can not match a number of gasoline quantity compartments inside a single tire.
Tire heating
Tire heating blankets that use as much as three zones of resistance heating parts are the one allowed strategies of heating tires apart from driving them. Heated tires have a bonus over non-heated tires, so at any time throughout a race occasion, groups should be capable to produce tire temperature knowledge from the previous 96 hours when requested by the FIA.
Wheel attachment and retention
Wheels should solely be hooked up to an F1 race automotive by a single fastener with a diameter not higher than 105 mm and an axial size that doesn’t exceed 75 mm. The one units that can be utilized to connect or detach wheels from an F1 race automotive should powered by compressed air or nitrogen. Handbook torque wrenches are additionally allowed to be used to suit or take away wheels. Wheels will need to have a method of catching and retaining a loosened wheel fastener.
System 1 race tire sporting administration laws
The FIA’s F1 sporting laws govern the tires F1 groups use throughout races and race-related occasions. The problems embrace the amount, varieties, and compound variances of the tires provided to groups for every race automotive.
Tire provide
The contracted tire provider, Pirelli, offers every crew with quite a few units in three specs (smooth, medium, and onerous) of dry-weather tires for every automotive. The provider additionally offers one set of wet-weather tires per race and one set of intermediate tires. Twice every season, the provider may present a further dry-weather tire to check tire efficiency.
Portions of tires in units of 4
The variety of units of tires provided to every crew for a four-day race occasion weekend is determined by the climate and if the race occasion is a tire testing occasion. The provider will present every crew with 11 to 13 units of dry-weather tires, 4 units of intermediate tires, and three units of wet-weather tires.
Tire compound specs
Suppliers present dry-weather tires with sidewall markings that establish by shade rings the tire compound specification (smooth, medium, or onerous). Smooth tires have higher preliminary grip however put on out quicker than onerous tires. Arduous tires take longer to heat up, however drivers can theoretically keep on the racetrack longer and want fewer pit stops.
Race occasion variance
If an F1 race occasion features a dash occasion (six such occasions are deliberate for the 2024 F1 schedule), the provider will present an additional set of dry climate tires for 13 units. If the race occasion contains tire testing, the provider will present 11 units of tires or one lower than ordinary for non-sprint and non-testing occasions.
Tire testing
F1 groups comply with take part in tire testing.
Tire identification and management
All tires used throughout races will need to have distinctive identification that helps the tire provider know once they have been used to research how they carried out.
Returning tires
As a crew makes use of units of tires throughout a four-day race occasion, the crew should return the tires following a proscribed schedule that helps the provider handle the returned tires for later examine and evaluation.
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